Oil-burner.



PATBNTBD OUT. 16,- 1906.-

G. a. GALKINS.

OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1906.

GARY G. CALKINS, OF EvANsToN, ILLINOIS.

' OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May 27, 1906 Serial No. 262,546.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GARY G. GALKINs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Evanse ton, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

Letters Patent No. 683,029 were granted Almon H. Calkins on the 25th day of May, 1897, for, amon other things, a downdraftburner for liquid fuel, intended to be placed in one of the ordinary ra'bbeted holes of a stove for the rece tion of kettles and other utensils, combine with a casing inclosing said burner atthe sides a d bottom, provided with a lateral aperture for the exit of neath, and

extending therefrom through flame and rotatably mounted, so that the exit-aperture may be turned to direct the flame or heated products of combustion toward any desired point within the stove. At a later date, to wit, May 10, 1904, Letters Pat ent No. 759,500 were granted to me for an improvement upon the subject-matter of the foregoing, in which the casing provided with the lateral flame-aperture wasretained, a burner-plate having marginal arms or proi'ections and a central cup or receptacle for iquid fuel was sup orted therein just above said aperture, and t e top of the casing above the burner-plate was closed by a cover perforated for the downward passage of air there- .through into direct contact with the plate.

he present invention discards the laterally-a ertured closed casing of the first-mentione patent while retaining the perforated cover of the second and preferably substitutes for the burner-plate of the latter a specially provided oil-plate which acts. as avaporizer, but is heated, except at an initial moment, from a combustion-chamber" beconstitutes, therefore, a distinct improvement upon both, remedyin features wherein they have been found lac ing and intensifying the effect of features already efficient. H

The invention consists in a cvlindri cal rim adapted to fit into and be revoluble in a stovehole and extending sufiiciently below on one side to form a support for-a drip-pan, while on the other side it is open, combined with such drip-pan, and a trough, guard, or shield the open side of the rim to protect the crown of the oven beneath from thedrip or moisture of the as yet unconsunied vapors or only partiallyvaporized oils and their defiagration in di ect or any other desired point toward which said Patented 0am, 190a contact therewith while holding the flames spout may be directed ;-in the provision of'a r,

drip-pan and combustion-chamber supported from the rim immediately b eneath the burner plate or special oil-plate to receive unvap rized or only partially vanoried oil or liquid from the latter, as well as to receive the fully-vaporized and oxygenated gases and consume them in their passage and prolonged into a spout or trough which passes through and projects beyond the open side of the rim an serves as a continuation of the con1bustion-chamber; in the provision of means for detachably connecting the aforesaid drip-pan to the rim; in the construction-of the rated cover or top plate of the burner an enlarged unobstructed central opening immediately above the plate or special oil-plate to facilitate the initial kindling and extinguishing of the flame perfowithoil-cup of the burner-- thereover' and to supply an immediate and f large body of fresh air vaporization; in combining with the oil-can, its valve, and the screw-threaded valve-stem a stop which prevents said stem from being turned so far as to ren er the valve inoperative, and in various other combinations and at the point of original features of construction hereinafter pointedl out and claimed. I

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan of an oil-burner embodying my invention in the best form now known to me. 1 Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section therethrough o'n v the corres ondin ly-numbered. line'in the preceding figure; ig. 3, a detached view, in top plan, of the-rim or casing and oil-plate, with the perforated cover, drip-pan, and spout omitted; and Fig. 4, a detail of the oil can or reservoir, illustrating means for pre venting careless unscrewing of the valve-stem and consequent loss of control over the supply.

Referrmg now to said drawings, A is a cylindrical rim or casing having at its upper edge a circular flange a of such dimensions as to fit into the rabbet of one of the usual holes or openings in the top plate of a stove or to extend thereover and sit upon the surface of the top plate itself. From this flange projects a clip or eye a, ada ted to receive an ordinary lid-lifter by whicii the casing or rim and its accessories ma be removed from the stove or turned and irected therein.

.the bolt.

Inside of the rim, some little distance below the aforesaid flange, is formed an annular ledge b for the support of the plate B, which plate may be the spider-like burner plate of my former patent, but is preferably a special oil-plate, formed as a middle zone or sheet bridging the bottom of the rim, leaving segmental openings b to right and left and provided with a central oil-cup B and series of small perforations b on each side of said cup, all for a purpose to be presently explained.

Above the oil-plate the rim is closed by a removable top plate or cover C, which has a central unobstructed aperture C of consider able dimensions immediately above and registering with the cup of the oil-plate and numerous small perforations c, surrounding said central opening or aperture, and is also provided with standards 0 for the support of a kettle or cooking vessel. At one side of the central aperture is a boss I) for the reception of the oil-supply pipe d, and this boss communicates by means of a small dischargeorilice d with the space above and at the edge of the oil-cup, thus avoiding obstruction of the central aperture.

The front part of the rim terminates immediately beneath and parallel with the aforesaid ledge 6, upon which the oil-plate rests, but the rear partis continued down.

and horizontally beneath, as shown to the right in Fig. 2, to form a support E for a drip-pan F, which is preferably detachably secured to the support by suitable means, such as the boltf and lugf, the latter taking into an appropriate notch in the rear edge of the pan to hold it steady and in alinement on At the open front of the rim the pan merges into a trough or spout F of considerable length, and theside walls of which rise to and are practically in touch and extend parallel with the-bottom of the ledge b in order to secure the best results. Thepurpose of this drip-pan and trough is to insure complete combustion of the vapors, gases, and overflow, to confine the flames and heated products of combustion drawn therethrough, hold them up against the top of the stove and away from direct contact with the crown of the oven, shielding the latter from oily drip and burning, and to direct them against the bottom of any given vessel placed in some other hole in the stove, or to the flue, according to the point toward which the trough may be directed.

The depth of the draft-chamber in cookstoves and ranges, comprised between the top plate of the stove and the crown-sheet of the oven, varies in stoves and ranges of different makes. Therefore it is sometimes necessary to loosen the connection between the rim and the trough, so as to permit the latter to flex or hinge in relation to the rim or to entirely remove the fastening f for the moment, so that the trough may be properly inserted into the draft-chamber. After the insertion has been made the boltf can be tightened up again by means of a spanner or monkey-wrench inserted through the narrow drop draft-door opening into said draft-chamber andv linl :ling the nut while the bolt is screwed home by means of another spanner inserted through the open rim. The detachable feature is also valuable in knocking down and. packing for transportation.

The oil can or reservoir G in this class of burners usually connects with the supplypipe by means of a valve in its base controlled by means of a screw-threaded v ilvestem G, and if this stem is unscrewed too far all control over the valve is lost, the supply becomes unlimited, and the results are sometimes disastrous. In order to prevent such contingency, I propose to apply to the valvestem a stop that will limit the distanie .to which it can be unscrewed, but will not interfere with its closing movement. Such stop 9 may be conveniently attached to the screwcap 9, which closes the filling-aperture of the reservoir, so as to be brought down upon or into the path of the handwheel g at the upper end of the stem when the cap is screwed home. As thus constructed, the stopwill be removed from interference with the stem when the cap is displaced for filling or for cleansing the reservoir, and therefore at such times the valve-stem may be opened to any extent should reason exist.

In this form of oil-burner any suitable liquid fuel may be used, such as crude petroleum, unrefined-petroleum distillate, or kerosene. In operation. the oil is allowed to flow from the reservoir as regulated by the valve and drops upon the oil-plate and into the cup, in which is a layer of ashes or porous material. A light is applied through the center opening of the top plate or lid and the oil ignited. The oil-plate is soon heated and vapor frms as fast as oildrops thereon. 1 new blow out the flames above the oil-plate through the aforesaid central opening and ignite the vapors beneath the plate or between it and the drip-pan, which may be done by a taper inserted through one of the outer perforations of the top plate and down through the segmental space at one side of the oil-plate.

It is to be remembered that this invention relates to adetachable attachment to ordi- .nary coal or wood cook-stoves intended, primarily, for summer use or for use at anytime when a coal or wood fire would be unnecessarilv slow in raising heat and expensive in results. The distance between the crown of the oven and the top of Lhe stovcin such stoves or ranges is usually from four t( ;fiV0 inches, andthe great volume of flame from the fire-bdlv rushing through this space is sufficient to head the top slieet of the stove when a coal or wood fire is burned; but with two inches in de th its lateral area remaining the same. By t e employment of the trou h or spout, however, I am enabled to hold t e onrushing draft or blast of flames and heated products of combustion up against the top sheet of the stove, confine it in a limited lateral area and within a space from one to one and-a-half inches in depth beneath said sheet, while directing it, as aforesaid, against the bottom of some other vessel placed in any given hole in the stove nearer or farther, as may be demanded by thevnature of its con tents and the degree of heat required for their proper cooking. Meanwhile the intervening area of the top will be kept hot, and coffee-pots or saucepans may be heated thereupon. Y i Air is supplied through the large central aperture of. the top plate or cover immediately above the oilcup and through the small apertures of said cover and is drawn with the vapors down past the sides of theioil-plate and also through the perforations of said plate, which further aid the thorough mixin of air and vapor, and the drip-pan an trough act as overflow-chamber and after the ignition of the va ors beneath the oilplate as combustion-c amber,'kee ing the plate heated'to' vaporize the oil ropping thereon. The further ur ose of the trough has already'been stated? 'l he flame is bluish white, due to the erfect admixture of vapor and air and the eii ective draft, to which the troughcontributes. a

1n the following claims the words s out,

trou h or conduit are to be ta en as 7 indicating a flame directing and consuming chamber having at least a bottom or floor .and two side Walls, the top wall being supplied by the top of' the stove, and Such a structure is to be distinguished from an edgelike opening, which always causes an eddy or whirl in currents passing through and disperses them in every direct-ion.

Having thus described my invention, Wha I claim asnew, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i s.-

In an oil-burner, a cylindrical rim adapted to. fit into and be revoluble in a stove-hole, extended on one side 'below and underneath to form a support and open on the other side, in combination with a trou h or conduit egrtending outwardly from t e open side to concentrate, the flames and heated products of combustion and direct them to a point determined by the radial adj ustment of the rim.

2. A cylindrical'rim adapted to flt into arid be revoluble in ajt'oyeshole, extended on one side below jiiay underneath to form a support and open on the other side, in combination with a dripan mounted on said support and continue in a spout through and beyond the open side of the rim, to pro- I ject into the draft-chamber of the stove beneath the top of said stove, primary oil-consuming apparatus above said drip-pan, and

bottom and sides and open at the to to hold the flames up against the top of t e stove while shielding the crown of the oven from drip.

adapted to fit into a stove-hole, having an internal ledge and open beneath this ledge to "one side, while to the other it extends down:

ward and underneath to form a support, in combination. with an oil-vaporizing plate supported on the ledge, a drip-pan o ening 4. In an oil-burner, a cylindrical rim toward the open side of the rim, carrie upon chamber, means permitting oil dripped upon the plate to be readily lighted and itsflames said support and forming also a combustionextinguished, and means permitting the ,va-

pors in the combustion-chamber to be ignited when the flames above the plate are extinguished.

5. In an oilburner, a cylindrical rim adapted to fit into-and be revoluble in a stove-hole, extended on one side below and underneath to form a support and open on the other side, in combinatidn with a drip-- pan having a trough or spout extending through. and beyond said open side, and

means-for securing said pan and trough to the sulpport.

6. he combination of the rim or casing,

the perforated cover fitting into the top'of said rim and having unobstructed central opening, the oil-plate supported upon the rim beneath said cover and provided with central cup registering with said opening, and also having segmental flanking openings and perforate cup and extending underneath the; flanking openin s and perforated margins thereof.

v 7. T e combination of the rim creasing,

margins, relatively, to said cup, and the drip-pan beneath said plate and the perforated cover with enlarged unobstructed central opening and standards, the

oil-plate with central cup and perforated margins, and the drip-pan and flame-trough,

substantially as described.

GARY. G. CALKINS.

Witnesses: I

JOSEPH G. BARKrNsoN, C. W. HOFFMAN. 

